Candida-associated denture stomatitis: clinical, epidemiological, and microbiological features.

OBJECTIVE: The identification of Candida spp. in denture stomatitis, the clinical manifestations, and the antifungal susceptibility profile lead to a correct and individualized therapeutic management of the patients. This study is aimed at investigating the clinical manifestations and epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of Candida-associated denture stomatitis. DESIGN: The samples were obtained by swabbing the oral mucosa of the subjects and then seeded onto Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and onto CHROMagar® Candida plates. The identification at the species level was confirmed by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. Clinical classification was performed according to the criteria proposed by Newton (1962): (i) pinpoint hyperemia, (ii) diffuse hyperemia, and (iii) granular hyperemia. For carrying out the antifungal susceptibility testing, we adopted the CLSI M27-S4 protocol. RESULTS: C. albicans was the most prevalent species in our study. Regarding non-albicans Candida species, C. glabrata was the most common species isolated from the oral mucosa (n = 4, 14.8%), while in the prosthesis, it was C. tropicalis (n = 4, 14.8%). The most prevalent clinical manifestation was pinpoint hyperemia and diffuse hyperemia. Candida albicans, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis were susceptible to all the tested antifungals. Concerning fluconazole and micafungin, only two strains showed dose-dependent sensitivity (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), 1 µg/mL) and intermediate sensitivity (MIC, 0.25 µg/mL). One C. tropicalis strain was resistant to voriconazole (MIC, 8 µg/mL). CONCLUSIONS: C. albicans was the most common species found in oral mucosa and prosthesis. The tested antifungal drugs showed great activity against most isolates. The most prevalent clinical manifestations were Newton's type I and type II.

Management of Chronic Atrophic Candidiasis (Denture Stomatitis)-A Narrative Review.

One of the most common oral diseases affecting people wearing dentures is chronic atrophic candidiasis or denture stomatitis (DS). The aim of the paper is to provide an update on the pathogenesis, presentation, and management of DS in general dental practice settings. A comprehensive review of the literature published in the last ten years was undertaken using multiple databases, including PubMed via MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus. The eligible articles were analyzed to identify evidence-based strategies for the management of DS. Despite its multifactorial nature, the leading cause of DS is the development of oral Candida albicans biofilm, which is facilitated by poor oral and denture hygiene, long-term denture wear, ill-fitting dentures, and the porosity of the acrylic resin in the dentures. DS affects between 17 and 75% of the population wearing dentures, with a slight predominance in elderly females. The mucosal denture surfaces and posterior tongue are the common sites of DS, and the affected areas exhibit erythema, the swelling of the palatal mucosa and edema. Oral and denture hygiene protocols, adjusting or re-fabricating poorly adapting dentures, smoking cessation, avoiding nocturnal denture wear, and the administration of topical or systemic antifungals are the mainstay of management. Alternate treatments such as microwave disinfection, phytomedicine, photodynamic therapy, and incorporation of antifungals and nanoparticles into denture resins are being evaluated for the treatment of DS but require further evidence before routine use in clinical practice. In summary, DS is the most common oral inflammatory lesion experienced by denture wearers. Most patients with DS can be managed in general dental practice settings. Effective management by general dental practitioners may be supported by a thorough understanding of the pathogenesis, the recognition of the clinical presentation, and an awareness of contemporary treatment strategies.

Management of Denture Infection with Phytomedicine.

Natural teeth are an integral part of the masticatory system. Absence of dentition subjects the individual to compromised oral function, facial appearance and phonetics. Rehabilitation with dental prosthesis is imperative to restore form and masticatory activity. Currently, fabrication of removable and fixed prosthesis has become most predictable. Nonetheless, there is an increased prevalence of oral stomatitis observed over the years in edentulous individuals wearing removable dentures. Amongst the many pathogens that cause denture infections, Candida albicans is assumed to be the most virulent opportunistic agent. Different methods, such as mechanical, chemical, chemicmechanical, and pharmacological are tried to fight such infections. Regardless of various management strategies developed to treat denture stomatitis, the research continues to evolve the most optimal one. Improper oral and or denture hygiene maintenance, surface irregularities on denture, persistence of xerostomia and associated systemic illness pose risk for exaggeration of the disease. In extreme conditions, the development of aspiration pneumonia in geriatric patients is considered a threat to both dental and medical specialists. Therapeutic administration of synthetic anti-microbial drugs, along with meticulous oral hygiene maintenance are recommended protocols till date. However, limitations such as antibiotic resistance, side effects, counter drug reactions, cost of the medicaments predispose to origin of natural herbal products to treat denture stomatitis. Vast array of plant products are studied in previous literature, yet no definitive edge of one over the other is proven. This article intends to provide a mini-review on the different organic plant materials, also called as phytomedicines used for the treatment of candida associated denture stomatitis (CADS).

Caracterización de la estomatitis subprótesis en pacientes que asisten a Consulta de Estomatología / Characterization of the sub-prostheses stomatitis in patients who attend a Dental Consultation

Introducción: La estomatitis subprótesis es una de las alteraciones más frecuentes de la cavidad bucal, se relaciona con una corrección removible acrílica o metálica desajustada, asociada de forma general a una deficiente higiene bucal y hábitos personales, con el uso de las prótesis. Objetivos: Caracterizar la estomatitis subprótesis en pacientes que asisten a la Consulta de Estomatología en la Clínica de Santa Cruz del Norte. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, en pacientes mayores de 15 años, portadores de prótesis removibles parciales y totales. El universo de estudio lo constituyeron 154 que asistieron a consulta, coincidió con la muestra de estudio. Se realizaron interrogatorios y exámenes bucales. Se recogieron los datos mediante un cuestionario, las preguntas respondieron a las variables estudiadas. Resultados: La estomatitis subprótesis predominó en los mayores de 60 años con un 34.42 por ciento, el 40.91 por ciento resultaron ser hombres; el 73.17 por ciento presentó el grado I, el 54.88 por ciento usaron prótesis por más de 10 años; el 46.34 por ciento de forma continua, la prótesis desajustada se observó en un 86.59 por ciento y el 40.91 por ciento eran portadores de prótesis acrílicas. Conclusiones: La estomatitis subprótesis constituye una de las alteraciones más frecuente de la mucosa bucal, son los pacientes mayores de 60 años y del sexo masculino, los más afectados. Predomina el grado I de la enfermedad, la mayoría portan prótesis por más de 10 años y se encuentran desajustadas, la base acrílica constituye un factor de riesgo importante. Palabras clave: estomatitis subprotésica, prótesis dental, higiene bucal, boca Descriptores: estomatitis; prótesis dental; higiene bucal; boca (AU)

Introduction: Sub-prostheses stomatitis is one of the most frequent disorders of the oral cavity, it is related to an acrylic or metallic removable misadjusted correction, associated in a general way to a deficient oral hygiene and personal habits, with the use of prosthesis. Objective: To characterize the sub-prostheses stomatitis in patients who attend a Dental Consultation at Santa Cruz del Norte Clinic. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, in patients older than 15 years old, with partial and total removable prostheses. The universe of study was formed by 154 patients who attended the consultation, it coincided with the study sample. Interviews and oral examinations were performed. The information was recollected by a questionnaire, the questions answered the studied variables. Results: Sub-prostheses stomatitis prevailed in older than 60 years old patients with a 34.42 per cent, the 40.91 per cent were men; the 73.17 per cent presented grade I, the 54.88 per cent used prosthesis for more than 10 years; the 46.34 per cent in a continuous way, the misadjusted prosthesis was observed in a 86.59 per cent and the 40.91 per cent had acrylic prostheses. Conclusions: Sub-prostheses stomatitis constitutes one of the most frequent disorders in the oral mucosa, patients older than 60 years old and the male sex are the most affected. Grade I of the disease prevails. Most of them wear prostheses for more than 10 years and they are misadjusted, the acrylic base constitutes an important risk factor. Key words: Sub-prostheses stomatitis, dental prostheses, oral hygiene, stomatitis Descriptors: stomatitis; dental prosthesis; oral hygiene; mouth(AU)

Efficacy of Rose Bengal and Curcumin mediated photodynamic therapy for the treatment of denture stomatitis in patients with habitual cigarette smoking: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking in conjugation with bad oral hygiene is considered a typical predisposing factor for many oral diseases including denture stomatitis. This study investigated the effect of Rose Bengal (RB)-and Curcumin (CUR)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) in comparison with nystatin therapy in the intervention of denture stomatitis in cigarette smokers. METHODS: Overall, 45 habitual cigarette smokers aged ~58 years having denture stomatitis were categorized into three groups: Group-I - RB-mediated PDT, Group-II - CUR-mediated PDT, and Group-III - Nystatin therapy. The primary outcome of the interest was: counts of Candida colony from denture surface and palatal mucosa, calculated as CFU/mL, whereas the prevalence of Candida species determined in 3 research groups comprised the secondary outcome. Oral swab specimens were gathered from the denture surfaces and palatal mucosa. All clinical assessments were performed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. RESULTS: C. albicans was the most prevalent yeast identified on both denture surfaces and palatal mucosa, followed by C. tropicalis and C. glabrata. A considerable decrease in the CFU/mL scores were observed in Group-I and Group-II at the end of the interventions and on the 12-week follow-up (p<0.05). Group-I, II, and III demonstrated clinical efficacy rates of 53%, 51%, and 49%, respectively. CONCLUSION: CUR-and RB-mediated PDT was found to be as effective as topical Nystatin therapy for the intervention of denture stomatitis among cigarette smokers.

Interventions for improving oral health in people after stroke.

BACKGROUND: For people with physical, sensory and cognitive limitations due to stroke, the routine practice of oral health care (OHC) may become a challenge. Evidence-based supported oral care intervention is essential for this patient group. OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of OHC interventions with usual care or other treatment options for ensuring oral health in people after a stroke. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Stroke Group and Cochrane Oral Health Group trials registers, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and six other databases in February 2019. We scanned reference lists from relevant papers and contacted authors and researchers in the field. We handsearched the reference lists of relevant articles and contacted other researchers. There were no language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated one or more interventions designed to improve the cleanliness and health of the mouth, tongue and teeth in people with a stroke who received assisted OHC led by healthcare staff. We included trials with a mixed population provided we could extract the stroke-specific data. The primary outcomes were dental plaque or denture plaque. Secondary outcomes included presence of oral disease, presence of related infection and oral opportunistic pathogens related to OHC and pneumonia, stroke survivor and providers' knowledge and attitudes to OHC, and patient satisfaction and quality of life. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently screened abstracts and full-text articles according to prespecified selection criteria, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality using the Cochrane 'Risk of bias' tool. We sought clarification from investigators when required. Where suitable statistical data were available, we combined the selected outcome data in pooled meta-analyses. We used GRADE to assess the quality of evidence for each outcome. MAIN RESULTS: Fifteen RCTs (22 randomised comparisons) involving 3631 participants with data for 1546 people with stroke met the selection criteria. OHC interventions compared with usual care Seven trials (2865 participants, with data for 903 participants with stroke, 1028 healthcare providers, 94 informal carers) investigated OHC interventions compared with usual care. Multi-component OHC interventions showed no evidence of a difference in the mean score (DMS) of dental plaque one month after the intervention was delivered (DMS -0.66, 95% CI -1.40 to 0.09; 2 trials, 83 participants; I2 = 83%; P = 0.08; very low-quality evidence). Stroke survivors had less plaque on their dentures when staff had access to the multi-component OHC intervention (DMS -1.31, 95% CI -1.96 to -0.66; 1 trial, 38 participants; P < 0.0001; low-quality evidence). There was no evidence of a difference in gingivitis (DMS -0.60, 95% CI -1.66 to 0.45; 2 trials, 83 participants; I2 = 93%; P = 0.26: very low-quality evidence) or denture-induced stomatitis (DMS -0.33, 95% CI -0.92 to 0.26; 1 trial, 38 participants; P = 0.69; low-quality evidence) among participants receiving the multi-component OHC protocol compared with usual care one month after the intervention. There was no difference in the incidence of pneumonia in participants receiving a multi-component OHC intervention (99 participants; 5 incidents of pneumonia) compared with those receiving usual care (105 participants; 1 incident of pneumonia) (OR 4.17, CI 95% 0.82 to 21.11; 1 trial, 204 participants; P = 0.08; low-quality evidence). OHC training for stroke survivors and healthcare providers significantly improved their OHC knowledge at one month after training (SMD 0.70, 95% CI 0.06 to 1.35; 3 trials, 728 participants; I2 = 94%; P = 0.03; very low-quality evidence). Pooled data one month after training also showed evidence of a difference between stroke survivor and providers' oral health attitudes (SMD 0.28, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.54; 3 trials, 728 participants; I2 = 65%; P = 0.06; very low-quality evidence). OHC interventions compared with placebo Three trials (394 participants, with data for 271 participants with stroke) compared an OHC intervention with placebo. There were no data for primary outcomes. There was no evidence of a difference in the incidence of pneumonia in participants receiving an OHC intervention compared with placebo (OR 0.39, CI 95% 0.14 to 1.09; 2 trials, 242 participants; I2 = 42%; P = 0.07; low-quality evidence). However, decontamination gel reduced the incidence of pneumonia among the intervention group compared with placebo gel group (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.84; 1 trial, 203 participants; P = 0.028). There was no difference in the incidence of pneumonia in participants treated with povidone-iodine compared with a placebo (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.18 to 3.51; 1 trial, 39 participants; P = 0.77). One OHC intervention compared with another OHC intervention Twelve trials (372 participants with stroke) compared one OHC intervention with another OHC intervention. There was no difference in dental plaque scores between those participants that received an enhanced multi-component OHC intervention compared with conventional OHC interventions at three months (MD -0.04, 95% CI -0.33 to 0.25; 1 trial, 61 participants; P = 0.78; low-quality evidence). There were no data for denture plaque. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: We found low- to very low-quality evidence suggesting that OHC interventions can improve the cleanliness of patient's dentures and stroke survivor and providers' knowledge and attitudes. There is limited low-quality evidence that selective decontamination gel may be more beneficial than placebo at reducing the incidence of pneumonia. Improvements in the cleanliness of a patient's own teeth was limited. We judged the quality of the evidence included within meta-analyses to be low or very low quality, and this limits our confidence in the results. We still lack high-quality evidence of the optimal approach to providing OHC to people after stroke.

Oral candidiasis and denture stomatitis in diabetic patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Here, the prevalence of oral candidiasis and denture stomatitis among diabetic patients compared to healthy ones was summarized through a systematic review with meta-analysis. Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Cochrane Library, Embase, and the grey literature were searched without restriction, until May 2020. Eligibility criteria were established, data were extracted, and quality assessment was conducted by two trained examiners. Qualitative synthesis was based on the recommendations of Fowkes and Fulton. Two meta-analyses were performed on studies investigating patients with: a) oral candidiasis and b) denture stomatitis. Out of 6034 screened studies, seven were eligible for qualitative and quantitative synthesis; of these, three evaluated oral candidiasis and four evaluated denture stomatitis. Qualitative synthesis showed that the main methodological problems of the studies included sample size, source of controls, matching, and randomization. Diabetic patients had a similar chance of developing oral candidiasis to non-diabetic patients (OR1.40 [0.96; 2.04], p = 0.08, I2 = 94%). However, diabetic patients had a higher chance to present denture stomatitis compared to non-diabetic patients (OR 1.92 [1.42, 2.59] p < 0.0001, I2 = 0%). Therefore, diabetic patients have a higher chance of developing denture stomatitis compared to non-diabetic patients. However, for all analyses, the certainty of the evidence was considered to be very low.

Oral candidiasis and denture stomatitis in diabetic patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Here, the prevalence of oral candidiasis and denture stomatitis among diabetic patients compared to healthy ones was summarized through a systematic review with meta-analysis. Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Cochrane Library, Embase, and the grey literature were searched without restriction, until May 2020. Eligibility criteria were established, data were extracted, and quality assessment was conducted by two trained examiners. Qualitative synthesis was based on the recommendations of Fowkes and Fulton. Two meta-analyses were performed on studies investigating patients with: a) oral candidiasis and b) denture stomatitis. Out of 6034 screened studies, seven were eligible for qualitative and quantitative synthesis; of these, three evaluated oral candidiasis and four evaluated denture stomatitis. Qualitative synthesis showed that the main methodological problems of the studies included sample size, source of controls, matching, and randomization. Diabetic patients had a similar chance of developing oral candidiasis to non-diabetic patients (OR1.40 [0.96; 2.04], p = 0.08, I2 = 94%). However, diabetic patients had a higher chance to present denture stomatitis compared to non-diabetic patients (OR 1.92 [1.42, 2.59] p < 0.0001, I2 = 0%). Therefore, diabetic patients have a higher chance of developing denture stomatitis compared to non-diabetic patients. However, for all analyses, the certainty of the evidence was considered to be very low.

Factores de riesgo asociados a la estomatitis subprótesis. Clínica de Especialidades, Bayamo. 1er Semestre. 2017 / Risk factors associated with stomatitis subprosthesis. Specialty Clinic, Bayamo. 1st semester. 2017

La instalación de cualquier tipo de prótesis estomatológica, produce necesariamente cambios en el medio bucal, que lo obligan a reaccionar para adaptarse a la nueva situación. Entre lasmodificaciones no fisiológicas que pueden aparecer está la estomatitis subprótesis. Se realizó este trabajo con el objetivo de determinar posible asociación de algunos factores de riesgos con la aparición de estomatitis subprótesis en pacientes de 35-44 años ingresados en el servicio de atención primaria de la Clínica Estomatológica, durante el primer semestre del año 2017. Se realizó un estudio analítico de casos y controles. Se utilizó una muestra de 66 pacientes; en el grupo casos con 22 y el grupo control con 44, todos cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. En los pacientes estudiados se observó predominio en el grupo de casos de pacientes con prótesis desajustadas (86.4 por ciento) y en los controles el (95.5 por ciento) de pacientes con prótesis ajustadas. Se concluye que la morbilidad se relacionó principalmente con el desajuste de las prótesis y con el uso inadecuado y sin descanso del aparato protésico(AU)

The installation of any type of stomatological prosthesis, necessarily produces changes in the oral environment, which force him to react to adapt to the new situation. Among the nonphysiological modifications that may appear is the subprosthesis stomatitis. This work was carried out in order to determine possible association of some risk factors with the appearance of stomatitis subprosthesis in patients aged 35-44 years admitted to the primary care service of the Stomatology Clinic, during the first semester of 2017. He carried out an analytical study of cases and controls. A sample of 66 patients was used; in the group cases with 22 and the control group with 44, all met the inclusion criteria. In the patients studied, predominance was observed in the case group of patients with misaligned prostheses (86.4 percent) and in the controls (95.5 percent) of patients with adjusted prostheses. It is concluded that the morbidity was mainly related to the mismatch of the prosthesis and to the improper use and without rest of the prosthetic device(EU)

Algunos factores de riesgo asociados a la estomatitis subprótesis / Some risk factors associated with stomatitis subprosthesis

Introducción: la estomatitis subprótesis es la inflamación de la mucosa bucal que está en contacto con la prótesis; generalmente se localiza en el paladar duro y es casi invariablemente asintomática. Constituye un importante problema de salud a nivel mundial y es de etiología multifactorial. Objetivo: identificar la posible asociación de algunos factores de riesgo con la aparición de estomatitis subprótesis en pacientes de 45-59 años de edad. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico observacional tipo casos y controles en la Clínica de Especialidades Estomatológicas desde Septiembre del 2016 hasta Marzo del 2018. El universo estuvo constituido por 981 pacientes y la muestra por 96 individuos, 32 casosy 64 controles. Se utilizó la regresión logística binaria o análisis univariado. Las variables empleadas fueron edad, sexo, estomatitis subprótesis,prótesis desajustadas, higiene inadecuada y el no descanso del uso de la aparatología. Resultados: el grupo de edad de 52-59 años y el sexo femenino fueron los más afectados por estomatitis subprótesis. La prótesis desajustada, la higiene inadecuada y el no descanso del uso de la aparatología constituyeron factores de riesgo altamente significativos(AU)

Introduction: the subprosthesis stomatitis is the inflammation of the buccal mucosa that is in contact with the prosthesis; It is usually located on the hard palate and is almost invariably asymptomatic. It is an important health problem worldwide and is of multifactorial etiology. Objective: to identify the possible association of some risk factors with the appearance of subprosthesis stomatitis in patients aged 45-59 years. Methods: an observational analytical study of cases and controls wascarried out in the Stomatological Specialist Clinic from September 2016 to March 2018. The universe was made up of 981 patients and was studied by 96 individuals, 32 cases and 64 controls. We used binary logistic regression or univariate analysis. The variables used were age, sex, stomatitis, sub-prosthesis, misaligned prosthesis, inadequate hygiene and no rest from the use of the appliance. Results: the age group of 52-59 years and the female sex were the most affected by stomatitis subprosthesis. Improper prosthesis, inadequate hygiene and not resting from the use of the appliance constituted highly significant risk factors(EU)

Prevalence of risk factors for denture stomatitis in complete denture wearers

Aim: The prevalence of denture stomatitis and the relationship with its risk factors was evaluated via secondary data from 62 complete denture (CD) wearers, between 2015 and 2017. Methods: The data was stored in an Excel database and was analyzed using the statistics software STATA/SE 12.0. A descriptive analysis was performed taking into account a categorization of the clinical variables according to risk factor in 4 domains: CD usage, systemic health, hygiene habits, and usage habits. The association amongst the denture stomatitis and risk factors variables was tested by the Chi-square test and the results were statistically significant at p-values <0.05. Results: The CD wearers participants were composed by a majority of elderly (80.64%) and women (72.78%); with 45.16% having been using the current denture for more than 10 years and another 74.19% related a continuous usage. Diabetes and hypertension were related by 83.87% and 67.74%, respectively, with 87.10% using medication. Although 75.80% reported cleaning their dentures 3 times per day or more, and 59.68% considered their oral hygiene very good, 50% of the complete dentures showed dirtiness and clinical signs of Denture Stomatitis were present in 30.64% of the patients. Despite of the evaluated sample shows many risk factors for the development of the disease, an association between the variables was not observed. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of the disease in the studied sample, preventive and educational measures on denture usage and hygiene must be reinforced in order to maintain the oral health of the edentulous patients

Caracterización de la estomatitis subprótesis en adultos mayores en la Clínica Estomatológica Ormani Arenado Llonch / Prosthesis stomatitis characterization in adults bigger in the Ormani Arenado Llonch Dentistry Clinic

Fundamento: la estomatitis subprótesis en adultos mayores representa una enfermedad inflamatoria de la cavidad bucal que puede degenerar en una lesión hiperplásica si no se trata de manera oportuna.Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento de la estomatitis subprótesis en adultos mayores.Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en adultos mayores atendidos en la consulta prótesis dental de la Clínica Estomatológica Ormani Arenado Llonch de la ciudad Pinar del Río, en el primer trimestre del año 2017. El universo lo constituyeron 663 adultos mayores de ambos sexos que acudieron en el período de la investigación, mientras que la muestra quedó constituida por 83 pacientes de ambos sexos seleccionados de forma no probabilística que presentaron estomatitis subprótesis. Se estudiaron las variables edad, sexo, tiempo de uso de la prótesis, clasificación de la lesión, tipo de prótesis y hábito de uso de la prótesis.Resultados: predominó la estomatitis subprótesis en adultos mayores con edades entre 60 a 69 años; con prevalencia el sexo masculino y la lesión grado II en aquellos pacientes con tiempo constructivo de prótesis entre cinco a nueve años. El tiempo de uso continuo y el tipo de prótesis total resultaron significativos en el estudio.Conclusiones: los adultos mayores con estomatitis subprótesis se caracterizaron por ser masculinos, de 60 a 69 años, con lesión grado II en pacientes con tiempo constructivo protésico entre cinco a nueve años, uso continuo de la misma y tipo de prótesis total(AU)

Background: prosthesis stomatitis in elderly adults represents an inflammatory pathology of the buccal cavity that can degenerate in a hyperplasic lesion if it is not treated in time.Objective: to characterize the behavior of the prosthesis stomatitis in elderly adults.Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in assisted in the Dentistry Clinic Ormani Arenado Llonch, Pinar del Rio, during the first trimester of 2017. The universe was composed of 663 elderly adults of both sexes that attended within the period of research, while the sample was constituted by 83 patients of both selected sexes in a non probabilistic way that presented prosthesis stomatitis. Age, sex, time of prosthesis use, classification of the lesion, prosthesis type and habit of prosthesis use were studied, taking into consideration medical ethics.Results: the presence of prosthesis stomatitis prevailed in elderly adults among 60 to 69 years; prevailing masculine sex and the lesion degree II in those patients in advance constructive prosthesis time among 5 to 9 years. The time of continuous use and the type of total prosthesis were significant in the study.Conclusions: elderly adults with prosthesis stomatitis from Dentistry Clinic Ormani Arenado Llonch were characterized. They were males, between 60 and 69 years of age, with lesion degree II and constructive prosthesis time among 5 to 9 years, continuous use of the same one and type of total prosthesis(AU)

Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia: A systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia (IPH) is a benign lesion of the palatal mucosa. It is usually found in denture-wearers but also has been reported in patients without a history of use of a maxillary prosthesis use. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to review the literature to assess the prevalence of denture stomatitis and inflammatory papillary hyperplasia and the etiological factors associated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A search was carried out in PubMed (January 2005 to October 2015) with the key words "inflammatory papillary hyperplasia", "denture stomatitis", "granular stomatitis" and "Newton's type III" The inclusion criteria were studies including at least a sample of 50 apparently healthy patients, articles published from 2005 to 2015 written in English. The exclusion criteria were reviews and non-human studies. RESULTS: Out of the 190 studies obtained initially from the search 16 articles were selected to be included in our systematic review. The prevalence of denture stomatitis was 29.56% and 4.44% for IPH. We found 5 cases of denture stomatitis among non-denture-wearer individuals. All IPH cases were associated with the use of prosthesis. Smoking and continued use of ill-fitting dentures turned out to be the most frequent risk factors for developing IPH. CONCLUSIONS: IPH is a rare oral lesion and its pathogenesis still remains unclear. Its presentation among non-denture-wearers is extremely unusual.

Correlation between age and gender in Candida species infections of complete denture wearers: a retrospective analysis.

AIM: Denture-related stomatitis is a disorder that often affects denture wearers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intensity, genera, and frequency of yeasts in the oral cavity of complete denture wearers in terms of subject gender and age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine hundred twenty patients (307 males and 613 females) with complete upper dentures were selected for the study and divided into four age groups: ≤50 years, 51-60, 61-70, and >70 years. Yeast samples were taken as a smear from the palate. The data were collected from January 15, 2007 to January 15, 2012. RESULTS: The distribution of the number of yeast colonies by gender was statistically significant (P=0.02). Across all subjects, there was a statistically significant relationship between the intensity of yeast growth and the gender (P=0.01). In every age group, the number of infection-free individuals was greater among males than females. Intermediate, intense, and abundant growth of yeast occurred most frequently in the youngest group of females. CONCLUSION: The genera of Candida species and the frequency of yeast infection in denture wearers appear to be influenced by both age and gender. The complete denture wearers ≤50 years of age appeared to have the greatest proclivity to oral Candida infections.

FACTORS RELATED TO ORAL CANDIDIASIS IN ELDERLY USERS AND NON-USERS OF REMOVABLE DENTAL PROSTHESES.

This study examined the association between oral candidiasis in elderly users and nonusers of prosthesis and its predisposing factors. To this end, we performed a cross-sectional study where saliva samples from 48 patients were collected they used prosthesis and 43 patients (control group) who did not use. Among the 91 patients, Candida spp were isolated in 40 (83.3%) who used prosthesis and in 23 (53.5%) in the control group. A statistically significant association was determined between the two groups, the isolation of yeasts and dental prosthesis (p < 0.05, OR = 4.3). The most common etiological agent was Candida albicans (37 isolates), with 23 (62.2%) in the denture group and 14 (37.8%) (control group). Among patients who presented clinical manifestations of oral candidiasis (n = 24), 83.3% (n = 20) belonged to the group that wore dentures, while only 16.7% (n = 4) belonged to the control group. Elderly patients with diabetes had 4.4 times higher estimated risk of developing oral candidiasis when compared with individuals without this condition. There was no statistically significant association between being user prostheses and have diabetes with the onset of candidiasis. No statistically significant association was determined between xerostomia, use of prosthesis and oral candidiasis. The use of prosthetics and poor oral hygiene in elderly patients predisposes to the development of oral candidiasis.

Tratamiento de la estomatitis subprótesis con láser de arseniuro de galio y aluminio / Treatment of denture stomatitis with laser of gallium arsenide and aluminum

Introducción: la estomatitis subprótesis es la dolencia que con más frecuencia se encuentra en los Servicios de Prótesis Estomatológica, lo que impide iniciar de forma inmediata una rehabilitación protésica.Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia del láser de baja potencia de arseniuro de galio y aluminio en el tratamiento de la estomatitis subprótesis en pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Estomatología del Policlínico Docente Raúl Ortiz Ávila (municipio Ciro Redondo), en el período comprendido del 1 de abril de 2012 al 30 de abril de 2013.Método: se realizó un estudio experimental. El universo abarcó a la población afectada y la muestra quedó conformada por 172 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión; se distribuyeron en dos grupos de tratamiento (Grupo A: láser y retirada de la prótesis; Grupo B: retirada del aparato).Conclusiones: la incidencia de la enfermedad fue del 31,13 por ciento; se observó con mayor frecuencia en el sexo femenino, en el grupo etario de 60 años y más; la localización anatómica fue en el maxilar superior. Al momento del estudio todos los pacientes usaban las prótesis por más tiempo del establecido para su reemplazo; la mayoría de ellos se encontraban asintomáticos y tenían hábitos inadecuados de higiene oral. En ambos grupos predominó el grado II. Los pacientes del grupo A se curaron indistintamente del grado de afección; en el grupo B sólo presentó mejoría el 22,45 por ciento. El tiempo de tratamiento efectivo fue directamente proporcional al grado de afección en ambos grupos; la laserterapia resultó efectiva y sin reacciones adversas(AU)

Introduction: denture stomatitis is the most often found disease in Prosthodontics Services, which prevents an immediate start prosthetic rehabilitation.Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of low power laser of gallium arsenide and aluminum in the treatment of denture stomatitis in patients treated at Stomatology Service of the Teaching Polyclinic Raul Ortiz Ávila (Ciro Redondo municipality), in the period from 1st April 2012 to 30th April 2013.Method: an experimental study was carried out. The universe covered the affected population and the sample was composed of 172 patients who met the inclusion criteria; they were divided into two treatment groups (Group A: laser and removal of the prosthesis; Group B: removal of the apparatus).Conclusions: the incidence of the disease was 31,13 percent; It was observed more frequently in females in the age group of 60 and over; anatomic location was in the upper jaw. At the time of study, all patients wore prostheses longer time than established for replacement; most of them were asymptomatic and had inadequate oral hygiene habits. In both groups predominated grade II. Patients in group A were cured regardless of the degree of affection; in group B only 22,45 percent of patients presented improvement. The effective treatment time was directly proportional to the degree of involvement in both groups; laser therapy was effective without adverse reactions(AU)

The Prevalence of Oral Inflammation Among Denture Wearing Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Oral inflammation is an important contributor to the etiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which can impact patient's health status. Previous studies indicate that people with poor oral health are at higher risk for nosocomial pneumonia. Denture wearing is one promoting factor in the development of mucosal infections. Colonization of the denture plaque by Gram-negative bacteria, Candida spp., or other respiratory pathogens, occurring locally, may be aspirated to the lungs. The studies showed that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients treated with combinations of medicines with corticosteroids more frequently suffer from Candida-associated denture stomatitis. Treatment of oral candidiasis in patients with COPD constitutes a therapeutic problem. Therefore, it is essential to pay attention to the condition of oral mucosal membrane and denture hygiene habits. The guidelines for care and maintenance of dentures for COPD patients are presented in this paper. The majority of patients required improvement of their prosthetic and oral hygiene. Standard oral hygiene procedures in relation to dentures, conducted for prophylaxis of stomatitis complicated by mucosal infection among immunocompromised patients, are essential to maintain healthy oral tissues. The elimination of traumatic denture action in dental office, compliance with oral and denture hygiene, proper use and storage of prosthetic appliances in a dry environment outside the oral cavity can reduce susceptibility to infection. Proper attention to hygiene, including brushing and rinsing the mouth, may also help prevent denture stomatitis in these patients.

10-year survival rate and the incidence of peri-implant disease of 374 titanium dental implants with a SLA surface: a prospective cohort study in 177 fully and partially edentulous patients.

PURPOSE: This prospective cohort study evaluates the 10-year survival and incidence of peri-implant disease at implant and patient level of sandblasted, large grid, and acid-etched titanium dental implants (Straumann, soft tissue level, SLA surface) in fully and partially edentulous patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients who had dental implant surgery in the period between November 1997 and June 2001, with a follow-up of at least 10 years, were investigated for clinical and radiological examination. Among the 506 inserted dental implants in 250 patients, 10-year data regarding the outcome of implants were available for 374 dental implants in 177 patients. In the current study, peri-implantitis was defined as advanced bone loss (≧1.5 mm. postloading) in combination with bleeding on probing. RESULTS: At 10-year follow-up, only one implant was lost (0.3%) 2 months after implant surgery due to insufficient osseointegration. The average bone loss at 10 year postloading was 0.52 mm. Advanced bone loss at 10-year follow-up was present in 35 dental implants (9.8%). Seven percent of the observed dental implants showed bleeding on probing in combination with advanced bone loss and 4.2% when setting the threshold for advanced bone loss at 2.0 mm. Advanced bone loss without bleeding on probing was present in 2.8% of all implants. CONCLUSION: In this prospective study, the 10-year survival rate at implant and patient level was 99.7% and 99.4%, respectively. Peri-implantitis was present in 7% of the observed dental implants according to the above-mentioned definition of peri-implantitis. This study shows that SLA implants offer predictable long-term results as support in the treatment of fully and partially edentulous patients.

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a group of Iranian dependent elderly complete denture wearers.

AIM: Oral mucosal lesions are frequently observed in institutionalized elderly patients more than other age groups. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of epulis fissuratum and denture stomatitis and their associated causes in dependent elderly complete denture wearers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in dependent elderly complete denture's wearers living in four randomly selected nursing homes located in Tehran. Associated factors such as gender, age, use of medication, site of nursing home, denture quality and denture-wearing habit were studied. RESULTS: Overall, 674 patients were examined; 201 had complete denture. The prevalence of denture stomatitis was 36%. There was significant relationship among the prevalence of denture stomatitis with gender and denture wearing period (p < 0.05). The prevalence of epulis fissuratum was 16.4%. There was significant relationship among the prevalence of epulis fissuratum with gender, denture quality and denture wearing habit (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In this particular dependent age group, the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions is high and the mentioned associated factors should be noticed. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Dependent elderly complete denture wearers need more support and motivation for reducing the prevalence of these particular denture-associated oral mucosal lesions.

A study to evaluate the frequency and association of various mucosal conditions among geriatric patients.

UNLABELLED: Geriatric dentistry or gerodontics is the delivery of dental care to older adults involving the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of problems associated with normal aging and age-related diseases as part of an interdisciplinary team with other health care professionals. AIM: To evaluate the oral mucosal status in the elderly population of different age group and fnd out the association of age, gender and denture with oral mucosal disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample consisted of 570 geriatric persons concentrating mainly on the oral mucosal changes or lesions occurring in the geriatric population. Individuals those are aged above 60 years were selected, and all the examined geriatric persons were categorized into 3 age groups to fnd out the association of oral mucosal lesions in each group. Group I-60 to 65 years, Group II-66 to 70 years, Group III-71 and above years. RESULTS: The sample of 570 elderly patients included 279 (48.95%) men and 291 (51.05%) women in three age groups: 61 to 65 years (40.35%), 66 to 70 years (31.05%), and 71 years and older (28.60%). The sample included 254 (44.56%) dentate patients, 205 (35.96%) denture wearers (partial and complete denture wearers) and 111 (19.47%) edentulous persons who lacked dentures in both the jaws. Almost half of the patients examined (48%) had one or more oral mucosal lesions. The 48% of the patients who presented with oral mucosal lesions, twenty fve different oral mucosal conditions were identifed and the three most common fndings were lingual varices (13.68%), denture induced infammatory fbrous hyperplasia (4.21%), squamous cell carcinoma (4.21%). There was some differences in the distribution of oral mucosal condition among the sexes. Leukoplakia and dysplasia were signifcantly associated with men (p < 0.001) whereas the association of fbroma and lichen planus with women were signifcant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In our study it was found that patients in groups II and III had more prevalence of oral mucosal disorders. Lingual varices, oral squamous cell carcinoma, fbroma and denture induced infammatory fbrous hyperplasia were more commonly associated with the geriatric patients. The oral lesions (fbroma and lichen planus) were strongly associated with women while leukoplakia was strongly associated with men. Ageing is an important factor that can infuence the occurrence of mucosal lesions and with age the oral mucosa becomes more permeable to noxious substances and more vulnerable to external carcinogens.